Most of the compounds have physiologically active properties, and their biological properties are often attributed to the heteroatoms contained in their molecules, and most of these heteroatoms also appear in cyclic structures. A Journal, Nippon Kagaku Kaishi called Amine salt as an effective catalyst for synthesis of N-substituted maleimide, Author is Kita, Yuichi; Kashitani, Takayoshi; Kishino, Kazuo; Nakagawa, Koichi, which mentions a compound: 4144-22-3, SMILESS is O=C(C=C1)N(C(C)(C)C)C1=O, Molecular C8H11NO2, Application In Synthesis of 1-(tert-Butyl)-1H-pyrrole-2,5-dione.
Synthesis of N-substituted maleimide by dehydration and ring-closure of N-substituted maleamic acids in organic solvent was investigated. Anal. of the reaction products proved that three types of compounds were mainly produced. The N-substituted maleimides were yielded by dehydration of N-substituted maleamic acids. Maleic acid was formed by hydrolysis of N-substituted maleamic acid and subsequent isomerization resulted in fumaric acid. Reaction scheme which was confirmed by energy calculation was proposed. Based on these considerations, hydrolysis of N-substituted maleamic acids was prevented by coexistence of primary amine. N-substituted maleimides were synthesized from N-substituted maleamic acids with high selectivity by employing acid and its primary amine salt mixture as catalyst.
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Reference:
Chloride – Wikipedia,
Chlorides – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics